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1 начальное приближение
1) Engineering: initial approximation, initial estimate, zero estimate2) Information technology: first approximation3) Makarov: guess value, initial estimate (в методах последовательных приближений или итераций), initial guess, zero estimate (в методах последовательных приближений или итераций)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > начальное приближение
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2 приближение
approach, approximation* * *приближе́ние с.1. ( сближение) approach2. ( приблизительное представление) approximationв пе́рвом приближе́нии — as [in, on, to] a first approximationгру́бое приближе́ние — rough approximationконе́чно-ра́зностное приближе́ние — finite difference approximationкусо́чно-лине́йное приближе́ние — piecewise-linear approximationлине́йное приближе́ние — linear approximationприближе́ние ме́тодом итера́ций — approximation by iterationнача́льное приближе́ние ( в методах последовательных приближений или итераций) — initial [zero] estimateнепреры́вное приближе́ние — continuous approximationприближе́ние нулево́го поря́дка — zero(th)-order approximationпосле́довательное приближе́ние — approximation by iteration, successive approximationравноме́рное приближе́ние — uniform approximationто́чечное приближе́ние — point approximationто́чное приближе́ние — exact approximation* * * -
3 presupuesto
adj.presupposed, estimated.m.1 budget, estimate.2 presupposition.past part.past participle of spanish verb: presuponer.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: presupuestar.* * *1 (en finanzas, política) budget; (de una obra, reparación) estimate2 (supuesto) assumption————————1→ link=presuponer presuponer1 (en finanzas, política) budget; (de una obra, reparación) estimate2 (supuesto) assumption\los presupuestos generales del Estado the national budget sing* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (Econ) budget2) [para obra, encargo etc] estimate3) (=supuesto) premise, assumption* * *1)a) (Fin) budgetpresupuestos generales del Estado — state/national budget
b) ( precio estimado) estimatepedir/hacer un presupuesto — to ask for/give an estimate
2) ( supuesto) assumption, supposition* * *= assumption, budget, presumption, presupposition [pre-supposition], quotation, financial statement, budget dollar, purse strings, budget allocation, budgetary allocation, quote.Ex. Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.Ex. Factors here may be: total budget available for the production of abstracts.Ex. Some of these presumptions have served only to perpetuate misconceptions of collection.Ex. Computers hold pre-defined and fixed presuppositions, whilst those of humans are unpredictable.Ex. When costing, the quotation given seriously underestimated the time needed for the job = Cuando se calculó el costo, el presupuesto que se dio subestimó en gran medida el tiempo necesario para hacer el trabajo.Ex. These include an explanatory memorandum which sets out the background of the proposal, and usually also a financial statement of likely budget expenditure.Ex. The library and information sectors have to escalate their fight for every budget dollar, and some struggle to justify their very existence.Ex. The problem is spreading rapidly, affecting people at all levels of society some of whom control the fate and purse strings of libraries.Ex. If there is no policy of standardization, the librarian will be free to choose any suitable system within the budget allocation.Ex. The figures in brackets are the percentages of the 1982 budgetary allocations for research.Ex. This is the most cost-effective method of acquisition because of the opportunity to choose the least expensive quote from multiple quotes through increasing purchasing power.----* administrar el presupuesto = manage + funds.* agotar el presupuesto = drain + budget.* asignación de presupuesto = budgeting.* asignar un presupuesto = allocate + funds.* aumentar el presupuesto = add + monies to + budget.* austeridad de los presupuestos = budgetary stringency.* basarse en + presupuesto = assumption + undergird.* confección del presupuesto = budgeting.* congelación de los presupuestos = budget freeze.* congelar el presupuesto = freeze + budget.* controlar el presupuesto = control + the purse strings.* control de los presupuestos = budgetary control.* con un presupuesto limitado = low-budget.* con un presupuesto muy exiguo = on a shoestring (budget).* con un presupuesto reducido = low-budget.* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.* elaboración del presupuesto = budgeting process.* elaboración de presupuesto = budgeting.* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.* encargarse del presupuesto = control + the purse strings.* equilibrar el presupuesto = balance + the budget.* exceso en el presupuesto = budget overrun, overrun [over-run], cost overrun.* hacer un presupuesto = cost.* inflar un presupuesto = pad + a budget.* limitación del presupuesto = budget constraint.* partir de presupuestos = make + assumption.* presupuesto asignado por actividades = performance budget.* presupuesto asignado según una fórmula = formula budget.* presupuesto cada vez más pequeño = shrinking budget.* presupuesto cada vez menor = shrinking budget.* presupuesto congelado = stagnant budget, frozen budget.* presupuesto de adquisiciones = acquisitions budget.* presupuesto de base cero = zero-base(d) budgeting (ZZB), zero-base(d) budget.* presupuesto desglosado por partidas = programme budget, programme budgetting.* presupuesto detallado = line item budget.* presupuesto exiguo = shoestring budget.* presupuesto extraordinario = capital grant.* presupuesto global = lump sum budget.* presupuesto para adquisición de material = capital budget.* presupuesto para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.* presupuesto para la compra de libros = book funds [bookfunds].* presupuesto para la compra de material = materials budget.* presupuesto para libros = book budget.* presupuesto precario = shoestring budget.* presupuesto público = public funding.* presupuestos = funding.* presupuestos de la mayoría = majority assumptions.* presupuestos públicos = state finance.* proceso de asignación de presupuestos = budgetary process.* recortar el presupuesto = cut back + budget, cut + budget, squeeze + budget.* recorte del presupuesto = budgetary constraint, funding cut.* recorte de presupuesto = cut in budget.* recorte en el presupuesto = funding cut.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* sin exceder el presupuesto = budgetable.* * *1)a) (Fin) budgetpresupuestos generales del Estado — state/national budget
b) ( precio estimado) estimatepedir/hacer un presupuesto — to ask for/give an estimate
2) ( supuesto) assumption, supposition* * *= assumption, budget, presumption, presupposition [pre-supposition], quotation, financial statement, budget dollar, purse strings, budget allocation, budgetary allocation, quote.Ex: Also, in controlled indexing language data bases, there is often an assumption that a user will be prepared to chase strings of references or to consult a sometimes complex thesaurus.
Ex: Factors here may be: total budget available for the production of abstracts.Ex: Some of these presumptions have served only to perpetuate misconceptions of collection.Ex: Computers hold pre-defined and fixed presuppositions, whilst those of humans are unpredictable.Ex: When costing, the quotation given seriously underestimated the time needed for the job = Cuando se calculó el costo, el presupuesto que se dio subestimó en gran medida el tiempo necesario para hacer el trabajo.Ex: These include an explanatory memorandum which sets out the background of the proposal, and usually also a financial statement of likely budget expenditure.Ex: The library and information sectors have to escalate their fight for every budget dollar, and some struggle to justify their very existence.Ex: The problem is spreading rapidly, affecting people at all levels of society some of whom control the fate and purse strings of libraries.Ex: If there is no policy of standardization, the librarian will be free to choose any suitable system within the budget allocation.Ex: The figures in brackets are the percentages of the 1982 budgetary allocations for research.Ex: This is the most cost-effective method of acquisition because of the opportunity to choose the least expensive quote from multiple quotes through increasing purchasing power.* administrar el presupuesto = manage + funds.* agotar el presupuesto = drain + budget.* asignación de presupuesto = budgeting.* asignar un presupuesto = allocate + funds.* aumentar el presupuesto = add + monies to + budget.* austeridad de los presupuestos = budgetary stringency.* basarse en + presupuesto = assumption + undergird.* confección del presupuesto = budgeting.* congelación de los presupuestos = budget freeze.* congelar el presupuesto = freeze + budget.* controlar el presupuesto = control + the purse strings.* control de los presupuestos = budgetary control.* con un presupuesto limitado = low-budget.* con un presupuesto muy exiguo = on a shoestring (budget).* con un presupuesto reducido = low-budget.* dado a recortar presupuestos = budget-cutting.* elaboración del presupuesto = budgeting process.* elaboración de presupuesto = budgeting.* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.* encargarse del presupuesto = control + the purse strings.* equilibrar el presupuesto = balance + the budget.* exceso en el presupuesto = budget overrun, overrun [over-run], cost overrun.* hacer un presupuesto = cost.* inflar un presupuesto = pad + a budget.* limitación del presupuesto = budget constraint.* partir de presupuestos = make + assumption.* presupuesto asignado por actividades = performance budget.* presupuesto asignado según una fórmula = formula budget.* presupuesto cada vez más pequeño = shrinking budget.* presupuesto cada vez menor = shrinking budget.* presupuesto congelado = stagnant budget, frozen budget.* presupuesto de adquisiciones = acquisitions budget.* presupuesto de base cero = zero-base(d) budgeting (ZZB), zero-base(d) budget.* presupuesto desglosado por partidas = programme budget, programme budgetting.* presupuesto detallado = line item budget.* presupuesto exiguo = shoestring budget.* presupuesto extraordinario = capital grant.* presupuesto global = lump sum budget.* presupuesto para adquisición de material = capital budget.* presupuesto para gastos de funcionamiento = operating budget, operating funds.* presupuesto para la compra de libros = book funds [bookfunds].* presupuesto para la compra de material = materials budget.* presupuesto para libros = book budget.* presupuesto precario = shoestring budget.* presupuesto público = public funding.* presupuestos = funding.* presupuestos de la mayoría = majority assumptions.* presupuestos públicos = state finance.* proceso de asignación de presupuestos = budgetary process.* recortar el presupuesto = cut back + budget, cut + budget, squeeze + budget.* recorte del presupuesto = budgetary constraint, funding cut.* recorte de presupuesto = cut in budget.* recorte en el presupuesto = funding cut.* reducir el presupuesto = cut + monies from + budget.* sin exceder el presupuesto = budgetable.* * *A1 ( Fin) budgetpresupuestos generales del Estado state/national budget2 (precio estimado) estimatepedir/hacer un presupuesto to ask for/give an estimateB (supuesto) assumption, suppositionparten de unos presupuestos falsos they are basing their theory on false assumptions o premises* * *
Del verbo presuponer: ( conjugate presuponer)
presupuesto es:
el participio
Del verbo presupuestar: ( conjugate presupuestar)
presupuesto es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
presupuestó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
presuponer
presupuestar
presupuesto
presuponer ( conjugate presuponer) verbo transitivo
to presuppose (frml), assume
presupuesto sustantivo masculino
1a) (Fin) budget
2 ( supuesto) assumption, supposition
presuponer verbo transitivo to presuppose, assume
presupuestar verbo transitivo
1 (incluir en un presupuesto) to budget for
2 (calcular gastos, ingresos) to estimate for
presupuesto sustantivo masculino
1 Fin budget
2 (cálculo aproximado) estimate, (más detallado) quote
3 (presuposición) supposition, assumption
Estimate es el presupuesto que pides antes de encargar algún trabajo en un taller, tienda, etc. Budget es el presupuesto que te sirve para planificar tus gastos.
' presupuesto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ajustada
- ajustado
- compromiso
- consignar
- contrapartida
- dar
- estiramiento
- hinchar
- holgada
- holgado
- inflar
- militar
- nivelar
- partida
- presupuestar
- reforma
- cotización
- reducido
- salir
English:
allocate
- balance
- budget
- estimate
- low-budget
- quotation
- quote
- sales budget
- B
- leeway
* * *presupuesto, -a♦ participiover presuponer♦ nm1. [dinero disponible] budgetpresupuestos (generales) del Estado state budget, national budget2. [cálculo de costes] estimate;pedir (un) presupuesto to ask for an estimate;me han dado un presupuesto de dos millones they've given me an estimate of two million3. [suposición] assumption* * *I part → presuponerII m POL budget* * *presupuesto nm1) : budget, estimate2) : assumption, supposition* * *1. (dinero asignado) budget2. (cálculo anticipado) estimateantes de pintar el piso, pidió varios presupuestos before having the flat painted, she got several estimates -
4 coste
m.cost (de producción). (peninsular Spanish)coste de distribución distribution costcostes de explotación operating costscostes fijos fixed costscostes indirectos indirect costscostes de mano de obra labor costscoste de sustitución replacement costcoste de la vida cost of livingcoste unitario unit costcostes variables variable costs* * *1 cost, price, expense\coste de la vida cost of livingprecio de coste cost price* * *SM Esp costa precio de coste — at cost, at cost price
coste de mantenimiento — upkeep, maintenance cost
coste, seguros y flete — cost, insurance and freight, C.I.F.
costes laborales unitarios — unitary labour o (EEUU) labor costs
* * ** * *= cost, cost price.Ex. If some records are acquired by only a limited number of libraries, it will be difficult to recoup the cost of creating and maintaining these records.Ex. However, it was still not possible to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of the service or to calculate the cost prices and to compare these with the average national cost price.----* a bajo coste = low-cost.* abaratar costes = lower + costs.* ahorro en los costes = savings in costs.* análisis de costes = cost analysis.* análisis de costes-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.* a precio de coste = at cost.* a precios de coste = at cost price.* aumentar los costes = cost + rise.* aumento de costes = increased costs, cost increase.* a un coste mínimo = at (a) minimum cost.* a un coste que = at costs which.* a un coste total = at a total cost.* a un gran coste = at (a) great expense.* bajo coste = low cost.* basado en los costes = cost-based [cost based].* calcular los costes = cost out.* con unos costes mínimos = with minimum costs.* coste alternativo = opportunity cost.* coste de fabricación = manufacturing cost.* coste de la inversión = investment cost.* coste de la unidad = unit cost.* coste de la vida = cost of living.* coste de oportunidad = opportunity cost.* coste de sustitución = opportunity cost.* coste de vidas humanas = human cost.* coste disparado = escalating cost.* coste marginal = marginal cost.* coste máximo = maximum cost.* coste mínimo = minimal cost, minimum cost.* costes = cost factors, cost structure, cost price structure.* costes de funcionamiento = running costs.* costes de mano de obra = labour costs.* costes de mantenimiento = maintenance costs, running costs.* costes de mantenimiento energético = energy costs.* costes de personal = staff costs.* costes de producción = production costs.* costes descontrolados = runaway costs.* costes directos = direct costs.* costes disparados = spiralling costs, soaring cost, runaway costs.* costes + dispararse = costs + spiral.* costes-eficacia = cost-effectiveness, cost-efficiency.* costes en metálico = cash costs.* costes indirectos = indirect costs.* costes + ponerse por las nubes = costs + spiral.* costes por las nubes = soaring cost, spiralling costs.* costes y beneficios = costs and benefits.* de coste cero = zero-cost.* estimación de costes = costing, cost estimates.* estimar los costes = cost out.* financiar los costes = underwrite + costs.* índice del coste de (la) vida = cost of living index.* modelo de análisis de costes = cost model.* precio de coste más margen de beneficios = cost-plus pricing.* preocupado por los costes = cost-conscious [cost conscious].* preocuparse del coste de = be cost conscious.* recuperación de costes = cost recovery.* reducción de costes = cost saving [cost-saving].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.* relativo a la relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit.* sin coste alguno = at no personal cost, at no cost, without cost, costless, without charge, free of charge, free of cost, cost free, for free, at no charge.* sin ningún coste = without charge, without cost, free of charge, at no cost, free of cost, cost free, for free, costless, at no charge.* sufragar los costes = underwrite + costs.* * ** * *= cost, cost price.Ex: If some records are acquired by only a limited number of libraries, it will be difficult to recoup the cost of creating and maintaining these records.
Ex: However, it was still not possible to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of the service or to calculate the cost prices and to compare these with the average national cost price.* a bajo coste = low-cost.* abaratar costes = lower + costs.* ahorro en los costes = savings in costs.* análisis de costes = cost analysis.* análisis de costes-beneficios = cost-benefit analysis.* a precio de coste = at cost.* a precios de coste = at cost price.* aumentar los costes = cost + rise.* aumento de costes = increased costs, cost increase.* a un coste mínimo = at (a) minimum cost.* a un coste que = at costs which.* a un coste total = at a total cost.* a un gran coste = at (a) great expense.* bajo coste = low cost.* basado en los costes = cost-based [cost based].* calcular los costes = cost out.* con unos costes mínimos = with minimum costs.* coste alternativo = opportunity cost.* coste de fabricación = manufacturing cost.* coste de la inversión = investment cost.* coste de la unidad = unit cost.* coste de la vida = cost of living.* coste de oportunidad = opportunity cost.* coste de sustitución = opportunity cost.* coste de vidas humanas = human cost.* coste disparado = escalating cost.* coste marginal = marginal cost.* coste máximo = maximum cost.* coste mínimo = minimal cost, minimum cost.* costes = cost factors, cost structure, cost price structure.* costes de funcionamiento = running costs.* costes de mano de obra = labour costs.* costes de mantenimiento = maintenance costs, running costs.* costes de mantenimiento energético = energy costs.* costes de personal = staff costs.* costes de producción = production costs.* costes descontrolados = runaway costs.* costes directos = direct costs.* costes disparados = spiralling costs, soaring cost, runaway costs.* costes + dispararse = costs + spiral.* costes-eficacia = cost-effectiveness, cost-efficiency.* costes en metálico = cash costs.* costes indirectos = indirect costs.* costes + ponerse por las nubes = costs + spiral.* costes por las nubes = soaring cost, spiralling costs.* costes y beneficios = costs and benefits.* de coste cero = zero-cost.* estimación de costes = costing, cost estimates.* estimar los costes = cost out.* financiar los costes = underwrite + costs.* índice del coste de (la) vida = cost of living index.* modelo de análisis de costes = cost model.* precio de coste más margen de beneficios = cost-plus pricing.* preocupado por los costes = cost-conscious [cost conscious].* preocuparse del coste de = be cost conscious.* recuperación de costes = cost recovery.* reducción de costes = cost saving [cost-saving].* reducir costes = reduce + costs.* relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.* relativo a la relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit.* sin coste alguno = at no personal cost, at no cost, without cost, costless, without charge, free of charge, free of cost, cost free, for free, at no charge.* sin ningún coste = without charge, without cost, free of charge, at no cost, free of cost, cost free, for free, costless, at no charge.* sufragar los costes = underwrite + costs.* * *( Esp)* * *
Del verbo costar: ( conjugate costar)
costé es:
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
costar
coste
costar ( conjugate costar) verbo transitivo
◊ ¿cuánto me costeá arreglarlo? how much will it cost to fix it?b) ( en perjuicios):
le costó el puesto it cost him his jobc) ( en esfuerzo):
cuesta abrirlo it's hard to open;
me cuesta trabajo creerlo I find it hard o difficult to believe
verbo intransitivo
b) ( resultar perjudicial):
c) ( resultar difícil):
no te cuesta nada intentarlo it won't do you any harm to give it a try;
la física le cuesta he finds physics difficult;
me costó dormirme I had trouble getting to sleep
coste sustantivo masculino (Esp) See Also→◊ costo
costar verbo transitivo & verbo intransitivo
1 (tener un precio) to cost: ¿cuánto dinero te costó?, how much did it cost you?
2 (llevar tiempo) to take
3 (ser trabajoso) me cuesta hablar alemán, I find it difficult to speak German
nos costó mucho conseguir el empleo, it was really hard to get the job
♦ Locuciones: figurado te va a costar caro, you'll pay dearly for this
cueste lo que cueste, cost what it may
coste sustantivo masculino cost
♦ Locuciones: a precio de coste, (at) cost price
' coste' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
precio
English:
cost
- cost of living
- deduction
- estimate
- index-linked
- low-cost
- manufacturing costs
- replacement cost
- run into
- spiral up
- high
* * *coste nmEsp [de producción] cost; [de un objeto] price;cuatro semanas de prueba sin coste alguno four weeks on approval free of charge;la relación coste-beneficio the cost-benefit ratio;el coste humano de la guerra the human cost of the war;Comal coste at costCom coste diferencial marginal cost; Com coste directo direct cost; Com coste de distribución distribution cost; Com coste efectivo actual cost; Com costes de explotación operating costs; Com coste de fabricación manufacturing cost; Com coste fijo fixed cost; Com coste financiero financial cost; Com coste indirecto indirect cost; Com coste de mano de obra labour cost; Com coste de mantenimiento running cost; Com coste marginal marginal cost; Econ coste de oportunidad opportunity cost; Com coste de producción cost of production; Com coste de reposición replacement cost; Com coste, seguro y flete cost, insurance and freight; Com coste unitario unit cost;coste de la vida cost of living* * *m → costo* * ** * *coste n cost -
5 значение
( расчетного параметра) level, ( величины) magnitude, sense* * *значе́ние с.1. ( размер величины) value, magnitudeвычисля́ть значе́ние — compute [calculate] a valueзадава́ть значе́ние — pre-assign [preset, prescribe, predetermine, specify] a valueнормирова́ть значе́ние — normalize a valueожида́ть значе́ние — expect a valueопределя́ть [оце́нивать] значе́ние — estimate a valueпринима́ть значе́ние1. (в расчётах, проектах) adopt [specify] a value2. (о какой-л. величине) take (on) [assume] a valueуточня́ть значе́ние — ( определять окончательное значение) finalize a value; ( проверять) verify a value2. ( важность) significance3. (смысл, содержание) meaning, senseабсолю́тное значе́ние — absolute value, magnitudeамплиту́дное значе́ние — peak [crest] valueасимптоти́ческое значе́ние — asymptotic valueбифуркацио́нное значе́ние — bifurcational valueвиртуа́льное значе́ние — virtual valueгла́вное значе́ние — principal valueграни́чное значе́ние — boundary valueдвоя́кое значе́ние — bifurcational valueдействи́тельное значе́ние — actual [real] valueде́йствующее значе́ние — effective [root-mean-square, rms] valueдопусти́мое значе́ние — legitimate [admissible, allowed, allowable] valueеди́нственное значе́ние — unique valueзапрещё́нное значе́ние — forbidden [unpermitted] valueи́стинное значе́ние — стат., мат. ideal value; ( в логике) truth valueзначе́ние и́стинности — truth valueконе́чное значе́ние — finite valueмаксима́льное значе́ние1. maximum value2. эл. peak valueмгнове́нное значе́ние — instantaneous valueнача́льное значе́ние — initial valueненулево́е значе́ние — non-zero valueнулево́е значе́ние — zero valueоконча́тельное значе́ние — final valueпредвари́тельное значе́ние — tentative valueпреде́льное значе́ние — limiting valueпроизво́льное значе́ние — arbitrary valueравнове́сное значе́ние — equilibrium valueразрешё́нное значе́ние — allowed [permitted] valueразря́дное значе́ние — place valueсо́бственное значе́ние — characteristic [proper] value, eigenvalue; ( матрицы) latent rootсредневзве́шенное значе́ние — weighted mean valueсре́днее значе́ние — mean, mean [average] valueсре́днее значе́ние по всем состоя́ниям — value averaged over all statesсре́днее арифмети́ческое значе́ние — arithmetical average, arithmetical meanсре́днее геометри́ческое значе́ние — geometrical meanсреднеквадрати́чное значе́ние — root-mean-square [effective, rms] valueстациона́рное значе́ние — steady-state [stationary] valueустанови́вшееся значе́ние — steady-state [stationary] valueуточнё́нное значе́ние ( в методе последовательных приближений) — improved valueхаракте́рное значе́ние — representative valueцелочи́сленное значе́ние — integral valueча́стное значе́ние — particular [special] valueчи́сленное значе́ние — numerical valueнаходи́ть чи́сленное значе́ние алгебраи́ческого выраже́ния — evaluate an (algebraic) expressionзначе́ние шкалы́, коне́чное — full scare valueэффекти́вное значе́ние — effective [root-mean-square, rms] value -
6 Отсутствие артиклей перед существительными, которые снабжены ссылками
It follows from Theorem 1 that $x=1$Section 2 of this paper gives (contains) a concise presentation of the notation to be used belowProperty 1 is called (known as) the triangle inequalityThis assertion (statement, proposition) has been proved in part 1 (part (a)) of the (our) proofAlgorithm 1 (с большой буквы) defines elementary permutations and elementary triangle matrices of index 2Equation (1) ((the) inequality (1)) can thus be written in the (артикль обязателен) form (2)In the language of our notation, algorithm (1) (с маленькой буквы) is a stable way of computing the inner productThe only place where the algorithm can break down is in statement 3 (in Statement 3)We combine Exercises 1 and 2 to construct an algorithm for finding an approximate eigenvectorThis case is illustrated in (но не on) Figure 1The asymptotic formula (1) was proved in Example 1Corollary 1 can be used to estimate the error in the inverse of a perturbed matrixBy property 1 (by Theorem 1), this function is positive except at the zero vectorA less trivial example is given in Appendix 3Step 1 in Example 1 and steps 2 and 3 in Example 2The idea of a norm will be introduced in Chapter 4Now from statements 2 and 3 of (1), we have...All the drivers for solving linear systems are listed in Table 1 (are illustrated in Figure 1)If Algorithm 1 in four-digit arithmetic is applied to refine $x$, then we obtain...Assertion (ii) is nothing but the statement that one natural way of extending these ideas to $R^n$ is to generalize formula (1) to obtain a Euclidean length of a vectorBy property 1, this function is positive except at the zero vectorWe have seen on page 3 that set of matrices is a vector space which is essentially identical with...Equation (1) effectively gives an algorithm for using the output of Algorithm 1 to solve...Русско-английский словарь по прикладной математике и механике > Отсутствие артиклей перед существительными, которые снабжены ссылками
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7 определять
1) General subject: appoint, ascertain, assess, assign, designate, determinate, determine, estimate, fix, govern, guide, identify, individualize, locate, make, measure, put (It's time he was put to school - пора определить его в школу.), qualify, rate, set, single, specialize, specificate, specify, specify (собой), spot, zero, decide on (что-либо своим решением)), fathom, shape, lay down, shape a way, characterize2) Computers: recognize6) Obsolete: decree7) Sports: decide8) Military: term9) Engineering: calculate, denominate, evaluate10) Bookish: entrain12) Grammar: modify14) Construction: state, rate (коэффициент или степень)18) Accounting: assess (размер налога)20) Information technology: dictate22) Astronautics: sense24) Patents: assign (на должность)29) Quality control: work, work out (величину)30) leg.N.P. rule31) General subject: localize (причину, местонахождение)32) Makarov: appreciate, calculate (измерять, находить измерением), clean, define (характеризовать), determine (измерять, находить измерением), determine (оказывать влияние на характер, величину, поведение), diagnose, evaluate (находить численное значение), fix (напр. величину), formulate, govern (оказывать влияние на характер, величину, поведение), keynote, look for, measure (характер и т.п.), observe, see, seek, set out (напр. значение), type, upset33) Logistics: anticipate, forecast -
8 оценка погрешности
Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > оценка погрешности
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9 полный
1. absoluteполный, неограниченный контроль — absolute control
2. detailed3. integral4. thorough5. chubby6. overallполное усиление; общий коэффициент усиления — overall gain
7. comprehensive8. implicit9. thorongh10. exhaustive11. floor-to-floor12. full-length13. plenarily14. plenaryполное, безоговорочное признание — plenary confession
15. plug-to-plug16. portly17. seamless18. stoutона была полная, но не тучная — she was stout, not obese
19. full; to the brim; all right; never mind20. full; complete; absolute; perfect; stout; chubby21. complete22. flush23. plump24. rich25. total26. utterв полном запустении; всеми покинутый — in utter desertion
Синонимический ряд:1. глубокая (прил.) абсолютная; глубокая; гробовая; мертвая; могильная; невозмутимая; ненарушимая; нерушимая; совершенная2. исчерпывающая (прил.) всесторонний; исчерпывающая3. неограниченная (прил.) абсолютная; безраздельная; не имеющий границ; не имеющий ограничений; неограниченная; ничем не ограниченный4. полнотелая (прил.) гладкая; дородная; полнотелая; пухлая; пышная; сдобная; упитанная5. толстая (прил.) жирная; толстая6. цельная (прил.) вся; круглая; целая; цельнаяАнтонимический ряд:порожняя; пустая; худая -
10 приближение
1. с. approachпри нашем приближении, когда мы подошли — at our approach
право подхода, право приближения — right of approach
2. с. approximationСинонимический ряд:близость (сущ.) близость; канунАнтонимический ряд:отдаление; удаление -
11 pȳtàti
pȳtàti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `ask, examine'Old Church Slavic:Russian:pytát' `torture, torment, try for' [verb], pytáju [1sg]Czech:\{1\}Slovak:pýtat' `ask' [verb]Polish:pytać `ask' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:pítati `ask' [verb];Čak. pītȁti (Vrgada) `ask' [verb], pĩtå̄š [2sg];Čak. pītȁt (Orbanići) `ask, request' [verb], pĩtan [1sg]Slovene:pítati `ask' [verb], pȋtam [1sg]Bulgarian:pítam `ask' [verb]Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} An interesting form is Cz. ptáti se `ask, inquire', which seems to have a unique zero grade. -
12 μέτρον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `measure, the right, full measure, goal, length, size, syllable- or verse-measure' (Il.).Compounds: Many compp., e.g. σύμμετρος `with the same measure, maesured, becoming, symmetrical' with συμμετρ-ία `harmony, symmetry' a. o. (IA.); περί-μετρος `exceeding (the measure)' (Od.); but περί-μετρον (Hdt., Arist.), - ος (sc. γραμμή) f. `circumference, extent' after περίοδος a. o. with verbal association ( περι-μετρέω Luc.), s. Risch IF 59, 252.Derivatives: Adj. 1. μέτριος `moderate, suitable' (Hes.) with μετρι-ότης `moderation' (IA.), - οσύνη `poverty' (pap. VIp), - ακός `moderate' (pap. VIp), - άζω `be moderate' (Att. hell.) with - ασμός (Suid.); μετριεύεται H. s. λαγαρίτ-τεται. 2. μετρικός `metrical, acc. to measure' (Arist.). 3. Adv. μετρηδόν `in metrical form' (Nonn.). 4. Verb: μετρέω, very often with prefix, e.g. ἀνα-, δια-, ἐπι-, ἐκ-, ἀπο-, συν-, `measure, measure (off), estimate etc.' (Hom.); from this (often with prefix) μέτρ-ησις `measurement' (IA.)., - ημα `measure' (E., hell.), - ητής m. "measurer", name of a measure, `metretes' (Att.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 233), - ητίς f. `id.' (Amorgos IVa), - ητιαῖος `sticking to a μ.' (Karyanda), - ητικός `regarding measurement' (Pl.). As 2. member in several verbal cornpp., e.g. γεω-μέτρης m. `land-, fieldmeasurer, geometrist' (Pl., X.) with γεωμετρ-ία, Ion. - ίη (Hdt., Ar.; also compound of γῆν μετρεῖν?), - ικός (Democr., Pl.), - έω (Att.), βου-μέτρης "cowmeasurer" = ὁ ἐπι θυσιῶν τεταγμένος παρὰ Αἰτωλοῖς H.; cf. E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 86. -- Backformations like διάμετρος (sc. γραμμή) f. `diameter, diagonal etc.' (Pl., Arist.), ἐπίμετρον `excess, addition' (hell.).Etymology: Beside μέτρον we have with the same suffix but diff. ablaut μήτρα f. `landmeasure etc.' (Cilicia), ἐρεσι-μήτρην την γεωμετρίαν H. (s. ἔρα), which agrees exactly with Skt. mā́trā f. `measure' and goes back on an athematic present, Skt. mā́-ti `measure' (\< IE * meh₁-ti). The shortness of the ε in μέτρον as opposed to Skt. mā́tram n. `id.' finds however no agreement outside Greek; one might think of a thematic vowel after zero grade root μ-έ-τρον (Brugmann, e.g. Grundr.2 II: 1, 342); a reduced grade of IE * meh₁-- (as θέ-(σις) from θη-) is difficult: it would require * mh₁tr- to become (*) μετρ- and not rather *m̥h₁tr- \> μητρ-; in the latter case Prakr. mettam n. `measure' from Skt. * mitram (innovated after mi-ta-?) would give a direct parallel (note that mh₁etr- might rather have givem *m̥h₁etr- \> *αμετρ-); the question has not been solved yet, Beekes Laryngeals 183. I now think that at the beginning of the word the *m- could have remained consonantal. A derivation IE *méd-tro-m from * med- `measure' (not here μέδιμνος, s.v., with de Saussure MSL 6, 246ff.) would have given *μέστρον. -- An other derivation of the same verb is μῆτις, s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,220-221Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέτρον
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13 alpha rating
Finthe return a security or a portfolio would be expected to earn if the market’s rate of return were zero. Alpha expresses the difference between the return expected from a stock or unit trust, given its beta rating, and the return actually produced. A stock or trust that returns more than its beta would predict has a positive alpha, while one that returns less than the amount predicted by beta has a negative alpha. A large positive alpha indicates a strong performance, while a large negative alpha indicates a dismal performance.To begin with, the market itself is assigned a beta of 1.0. If a stock or trust has a beta of 1.2, this means its price is likely to rise or fall by 12% when the overall market rises or falls by 10%; a beta of 7.0 means the stock or trust price is likely to move up or down at 70% of the level of the market change.In practice, an alpha of 0.4 means the stock or trust in question outperformed the market-based return estimate by 0.4%. An alpha of –0.6 means the return was 0.6% less than would have been predicted from the change in the market alone.Both alpha and beta should be readily available upon request from investment firms, because the figures appear in standard performance reports. It is always best to ask for them, because calculating a stock’s alpha rating requires first knowing a stock’s beta rating, and beta calculations can involve mathematical complexities.
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